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Problem Set #3 – Covering topics related to Energy balance, Fatty Acid Synthesis, Sterol synthesis and Signaling coordination
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Get Help Now!1. Write out one round of fatty acid synthesis and degradation. Describe how reciprocal regulation of these processes is essential and how the reciprocal regulation occurs (i.e. mechanism).
2. New anti-cancer agents are being developed that target fatty acid synthase (FASN) due to a requirement for lipid synthesis to promote tumor cell replication. Describe why an enzyme inhibitor targeted to the following sites would or would not work to inhibit lipid synthesis. Explain your answer. If you’re not sure whether it will work, make an argument for and against it working.
A. ACP site on FASN
B. The dimer interface between monomers of FASN
C. Targeting FASN to mitochondrial matrix
3. Adipocytes (fat cells) store glucose as fatty acids. Indicate the function of each protein/pathway and how activity/flux through the following proteins/pathways changes in adipocytes during high
glucose intake.
A. AcetylCoA carboxylase
B. Tricarboxylate transporter
C. Malic enzyme
D. Isocitrate dehydrogenase
E. Nonoxidative branch of pentose phosphate pathway
4. For each of the following pairs of proteins describe the function of each in carbohydrate, fat, or ketone body metabolism (either individually or together) and indicate how one protein regulates the other:
A. AMPK and AcetylCoA Carboxylase
B. mTOR and HMG CoA Synthase
C. ACC2 and CPT-1
D. F1 and F0 proteins of ATP synthase
5. For each of the following signaling proteins describe how structure and function contributes to their function in an intracellular signaling cascade. In two sentences propose an experiment to test the function that you identified.
A. Ras, monomeric G protein
B. G??
C. MAPK
D. Adenylate cyclase
6. Give one example of a futile cycle that could occur in fat/ketone body metabolism and how it is prevented.
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